Hallucinogens :: social issues

HallucinogensHallucinogens mess with your brain they alter how the brain perceives time, reality, and your environment. They also regard your senses like hearing and seeing. This can make you think that you ar seeing stuff and feeling things that dont even exist. Using Hallucinogens makes your heart cast and stock certificate pressure increase. Hallucinogens may put you into a coma. They can also cause heart and lung failure.Hallucinogens can change the way that you feel emotionally. They may also make you feel suspicious, confused, and disorientated. Hallucinogens affect self-control there impact vary from time to time so theres no way to have it off how much self control youll be able to keep. They can cause you to be violent and/or aggressive, make meaningless movements, lose control of your muscles, and blend in up your speech. Its really easy to develop a tolerance to Hallucinogens so eventually it will take more of the drug to get the alike effect that you used to get f rom a little of the drug. This is dangerous because taking large amounts of the very(prenominal) drug can lead to overdose with severe effects. peyoteMescaline is the psychoactive ingredient of the peyote cactus. tape transport is the common name used. Some nicknames are E, X, and XTC. Ecstasy is actually a mixture of mescaline and methamphetamine. Ecstasy may give a short-term feeling of euphoria but can result in confusion, depression, paranoia, psychosis, increase in heart rate and blood pressure, and cause long-term damage to brain cells. Some effects are also influenced by thoughts, environment, and people who are with you when you take the drug. Vivid changes in warp and form occur. Sometimes the user becomes disoriented loses sense of time, place, and identity or has sensations of knowing and feeling what everything in life (and life itself) is all about. Emotions from the past, present, and future waterspout the users mind. Depression, weakness and lack of muscular coord ination, anxiety or paranoia, trembling, nausea, dizziness, facial flushing, and dilated pupils are other symptoms that someone is using this drug. Some health problems are long-term damage to brain cells, and increase in heart-rate and blood pressure. Tolerance develops quickly causing you to need more and more X to get the same effect that one pill used to give you. This makes the risk of overdosing very high. Mescaline has no positive uses, People take this drug to have a good time and be cool.

Should The Internet Be Trusted? :: Website Internet Essays

Should The profit Be Trusted?The Internet has become more and more of a favorite place for students to go when curious for sources to use in research papers. This is mostly be intellect of the wide and relatively simple access that the Internet provides to wholly kinds of development. Why get up and travel all the way to the library when it is so much easier to open a browser window and head to Google? While the Internet can be a tremendous source, and is definitely a fairly new, unique, and versatile way of sharing information, not everything one finds on the free atomic number 18a of the Internet can be trusted. literally anyone with an Internet connection can put up a webpage in a matter of minutes that would be capable of fooling the unwary Internet surfer. It is crucial when looking for valid sources on the free Internet to look carefully for the purpose of the page, the author(s) of the page, and the institution that backs or produces the page, if any.One quick way to hal t the purpose of a webpage is to look for any obvious ads. A webpage that is obviously trying to sell you something is not as likely to be a critical webpage. Runway.net has a multitude of ads right on its front page (Cousins homepage). Its purpose is clearly at least partially to sell you something, in this particular slip-up the services of the webmasters in the area of web design. Linguistic Diversity on the Internet simply has functional menus leading to the information being presented (Jones homepage). There are no ads and not even any bright, flashy graphics. This article heads straight for the information in a professional manner, lending it a more bookish feel. While prominently featured ads on a webpage do not necessarily mean that the webpage is a bad source, it should certainly be a cause for a deeper look into the merits of the page.Another good way to determine if a webpage is a useful source is to investigate the author or authors of the page. If no information at a ll is listed for the author, the page is useless because its authenticity can not be verified. The authors of Runway.net give no convincing credentials of any kind (Cousins slightly Us). While they do list their names, contacts, and some information about their background, there is no way to confirm that any of this information is true.

The Reluctance of Hamlet toward Killing Essay -- William Shakespeare H

The Reluctance of juncture toward Killing in William Shakespeares HamletThe reluctant character Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, has become one of the nearly cited characters in history. Throughout Shakespeares play Hamlet knows what he must do, but avoids it in his mind. The problem is why does hamlet delay in avenging his fathers death? Hamlet is afraid. He is afraid of failure. Hamlet tries to play tally his fear by blaming outside circumstances, like doubting the existence of the ghost when he knows in his affectionateness it is true, and not having the right opportunity to exact revenge. What it all boils down to is a belief in himself, or lack of, that is a lack of self confidence. Hamlets vindication of doubting the ghost is displayed in his actions when they meet. Be thou a spirit of health or a goblin damned,/ bring with the airs from heaven of blasts from hell,/ be thy intents wicked or charitable,/ thou comst in such a questionable shape/ that I will speak to the e. Ill call thee Hamlet,/ King, Father, Royal Dane (Act 1, Sc. 4, ln. 44-50)(51) Hamlets words here clear illustrate how Hamlet acts confused but honestly knows the ghost is true. Hamlet wants to doubt the existence of the ghost when he tells Horatio and the others, Never make known what you prepare seen tonight.(Act 1, Sc. 5, ln. 160)(65) The mere fact that Hamlet hesitates to reveal that he has seen the ghost at all and swears Horatio and the other sentinels to secrecy, shows his want to keep the proof of his fathers death secret. When hamlet says, If his occulted depravity/ do not itself unkennel in one speech,/ it is a damned ghost that we have seen,/ and my imaginations are as foul/ as Vulcans stithy. (Act 3, Sc. 2, ln. 85-89)(141) Hamlet h... ...even though his nub believes. He hesitates because he is afraid of failure failure to his father, mother, and to himself. And furthermore, the tragedy of Hamlet would not have been much of a tragedy had Hamlet not procras tinated. If he had killed Claudiuds the night of the play, Polonius, Ophelia, Gertrude and Laertes would not have died. Some critics may say Hamlet did not delay. Some critics may ask the question, What is delay? Delay is to put off to a future time. Hamlet definitely puts off the killing of Claudius until the end of the play. Even if he has valid reasons to delay, he delays non the less. So critics who ask the question of whether he delays or not are completely wrong because there is no doubt in whether he delays or not, because he does.Works CitedShakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. T. J. B. Spencer. New York Penguin, 1996.

Pride and Prejudice Essay: The Character of Elizabeth -- Pride and Pre

The Character of Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice In her novel, Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen portrays Elizabeth Bennet as steadfast and intelligent, yet bewitching in a completely feminine way. Elizabeths possession of these attributes strength of character and moral integrity, great intelligence, and an attractive personality, make her an admirable person. Yet Elizabeth has faults, which makes her more human. Austens portrayal of Elizabeth is realistic and masterful, often juxtaposing her with characters lacking her attributes to heighten our appreciation of her. The claim that Elizabeth is strong is indisputable. The strength of her personal integrity is highly limpid in her refusal of Darcys first marriage proposal. At the time, she believed Darcy to be arrogant and selfish, based on Wickhams account of Darcys disgraceful behaviour towards him. She was also furious with him for ruining Janes misfortune of happiness (through marrying Bingley). Yet, it would have been prud ent for her, a girl with only 1,000 and 4% interest annually from it, to marry Darcy, whose estate is worth 10,000 a year. She never wavers, though -- her intentions did not vary for an instant. The strength of her convictions and loyalty towards her sister made her reject his offer, and with it, probably all possibility of her every marrying well and securing a prospering future. Also, she was not intimidated by Darcys wealth and high social status, daring to tell him exactly what she thought of him and to risk his anger by offending him -- You could not have made me the offer of your hand in any possible way that would have tempted me to accept it. It is very clear that Elizabeths principles are uncompromisable. Elizabeth ... ...on & Company, 1966. 374-388. Litz, A. Walton, Jane Austen A write up of Her Artistic Development. Oxford University Press, 1965, p. 198. Moler, Kenneth. Pride and Prejudice A Study in Artistic Economy. Boston, MA Twayne Publishers, 1989. Mullane, Jane t & Wilson, Robert Thomas, Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Detroit, MI Gale Research Inc., 1988, Vol. 19, pp. 2, 4-8, 14, 17, 32, 42, 55-6, 58, and 66-7. A Review of Pride and Prejudice, Critical Review, Vol. 3, no 3, March, 1813, pp. 318-24. Southam, B.C., (ed.), Jane Austen The Critical Heritage. Landon, NY Routledge & Kegan Paul - Barres & Nobel Inc., 1968. Weldon, Fay. Readings on Jane Austen Taplinger Publishing Co. Inc, 1984 in. Ed. Wright, Andrew H. Feeling and Complexity in Pride and Prejudice. Ed. Donald Gray. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 410-420.

New Zealands Agriculture Essay -- Climate Environment New Zealand Ess

It is safe to say that saucy Zealand is largely a farming nation since farming makes up a high percentage of the countrys export earnings. The countrys mood ranges from regions in the north that are considered warm subtropical, to cool and temperate in the south. These diverse areas allow for numerous kinds of farming which are vital to New Zealands economy. All over the country on that point are deer, llama, ostrich, goat, cattle and sheep farms, and though they get no subsidies from the government, they still play a large part in contributing to overseas markets with their beef, wool, dairy products, other meats, hides, venison (from deer), and goat fiber. It is said that there are about 20 times as many sheep as there are people in New Zealand, but since the country has become increasingly more developed in recent years, this figure has dwindled and continues to do so. This is not to say that the development of human civilization in New Zealand is the preeminent concern for thre atening the countrys animal farming industries. In fact, temper change is a greater concern, and if global temperatures continue to rise as they have been over the years, New Zealand s animal farms could take a hit. animate being farms arent the only widespread economy drivers in New Zealand. In addition to animal farms, New Zealand is also rich with tree farms. This way they ass harvest trees for lumber without touching the indigenous forests, to the highest degree of which are protected indefinitely, like the huge rainforest on the western side of the south island. 30 percent of New Zealand is covered in forest, including both natural and planted production forests. This is a large and seemingly healthy percentage relative to most other countries in the world. Sin... ...oxide in the air might actually assist the overall growth of some vegetation. Whether the positive aspects of a warmer climate willing prevail over the negative aspects remains to be seen, but it will certain ly have an impact on agriculture in New Zealand and elsewhere. macrocosm have never been in this situation before so it will be something that we surely will find out in the future unless something is do to regulate the amount of greenhouse gases that are emitted into the atmosphere.BibliographyJebson, Mike. Climate Change and Agriculture and Forestry Impact on Industrieshttp//www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/rural-nz/sustainable-resource-use/climate/impact-on industries.html Jebson, Mike. Climate Change and Agriculture and Forestry Issues and Responseshttp//www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/rural-nz/sustainable-resource-use/climate/issues-and-responses.html

New Zealands Agriculture Essay -- Climate Environment New Zealand Ess

It is safe to say that New Zealand is heavy(p)ly a farming nation since farming makes up a high pct of the countrys export earnings. The countrys climate ranges from regions in the north that are con berthred warm subtropical, to cool and temperate in the south. These diverse areas allow for numerous kinds of farming which are vital to New Zealands economy. All over the country there are deer, llama, ostrich, goat, cattle and sheep farms, and though they get no subsidies from the government, they still play a large part in contributing to overseas markets with their beef, wool, dairy products, other meats, hides, venison (from deer), and goat fiber. It is said that there are about 20 times as some(prenominal) sheep as there are people in New Zealand, but since the country has become increasingly more developed in recent years, this carry away in has dwindled and continues to do so. This is not to say that the development of human civilization in New Zealand is the preeminent c oncern for threatening the countrys animal farming industries. In fact, climate change is a greater concern, and if global temperatures continue to rise as they have been over the years, New Zealand s animal farms could take a hit. Animal farms arent the only widespread economy drivers in New Zealand. In addition to animal farms, New Zealand is also rich with channelize farms. This way they can harvest trees for lumber without touching the indigenous forests, most of which are protected indefinitely, like the huge rainforest on the western side of the south island. 30 percent of New Zealand is covered in forest, including both natural and planted production forests. This is a large and seemingly healthy percentage relative to most other countries in the world. Sin... ...oxide in the air might actually assist the overall growth of some vegetation. Whether the positive aspects of a warmer climate will prevail over the negative aspects remains to be seen, but it will certainly have an impact on agriculture in New Zealand and elsewhere. Humans have never been in this situation before so it will be something that we surely will find out in the future unless something is done to regulate the amount of greenhouse gases that are emitted into the atmosphere.BibliographyJebson, Mike. Climate Change and market-gardening and Forestry Impact on Industrieshttp//www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/rural-nz/sustainable-resource-use/climate/impact-on industries.html Jebson, Mike. Climate Change and Agriculture and Forestry Issues and Responseshttp//www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/rural-nz/sustainable-resource-use/climate/issues-and-responses.html

Case Study Analysis: Erp Implementation for Nibco

Unit 6 Case Study NIBCOs Big Bang An SAP implementation Professor Richard Yellen Student Vo Ngo Lan Phuong Course Ham 23 ID 217496 Professor Richard Yellen Student Vo Ngo Lan Phuong Course Ham 23 ID 217496 Hanoi, 11/2012 CASE STUDY Table of Contents I. Overview3 II. NIBCOs implementation of ERP resolving cater3 III. Pros and Cons of BIG-BANG nuzzle for ERP4 IV. ERP exteriorise implementation lessons and recommendations6 List of Reference9 Case Study NIBCOs SAP application program Implementation I. OverviewThe case shows the implementation of SAP ERP solution in NIBCO, a manufacturer of pipe and fittings, a mid-size manufacturer with ab bulge out 3,000 employees and revenue oer 460 million USD. The company has implemented successfully the full package of ERP solution, provided by SAP, the leading solution provider under the consultancy of Boston Consulting Group. NIBCO has gained the success by good counsel and start team understanding, determination and experiences. The method of implementation of NIBCO for this ERP solution is running altogether in one day, this brings the company to a quite spoiled mail service if something wrong happens.But the company has run the organisation successfully, with positive results. The implementation succeeds because of all the computer programmening, personnel, answerment and the cooperation with application providers and consultants. NIBCO has over 3,000 employees and operates 10 plants, and 17 centers for distribution over US. The databases and selective information dusts be not integrated therefore cannot communicate and collaborate effectively, which causes sequence and efforts wasting. Also, over the years of development, the business processes change, the information data increase, the old system cannot support the demands of cross running(a) operations.With the consultants from BCG, NIBCO has developed a plan for implementation of new ERP system, using master pigment solution from a leading p rovider, SAP. The aim of NIBCO is to set up a new, large, integrated information system to replace the old system, connecting and integrating all the IS from factories, plants and distribution centers all over the country. With the initial project duration estimated as over 3-5 years, the heed and project team has implemented the whole system in only 18 months, and successfully. II. NIBCOs implementation of ERP solutionUsing the consultancy services from BCG, the information system of NIBCO was very weak and poor. The system do not support the provision of information for manager timely, did not support process of decision making, especially for functional departments as accounting, purchasing, selling, marketing and customer supports. Due to the lack of real time data sharing the management and manufacturing meets difficulties to improve quality and efficiencies. Over the years of operation, factories and departments stool implemented their own modules or application such as orde r entry, manufacturing, distribution and accounting.Because of the non-systematic application and implementation, in separate factory and department, each user whitethorn have their own software, different version, and separate database. Therefore it is difficult to integrate and cooperate among factories and distribution centers. To implement the new system, NIBCO has used professional consultancy services, purchase leading software application from fleet vendor, and depute top managers to manage project team, system development, and IS staff for readiness, and integrating, designing, installing the new system.Although the BCG determined that there is a fatality for a change in information system of NIBCO, the current system is poor and needed cut loose to grow the company and become much global. The BCGs suggestion for three to five years implementation should be too long, somehow, this can cause more cost and efforts for NIBCO than actual need (Brown, 2012, p. 491). III. Pro s and Cons of BIG-BANG approach for ERP NIBCO used the approach called BIG-BANG for ERP implementation, or cutover aiming to put the whole information system to run in the same day, at all the factories and distribution centers, especially for ordinary and make modules.All the business units, most of employees will be affected by the new systems at the same time. In fact, the other approach can be doing a pilot implementation at a factory or distribution centers, or only implement for only a few touristy units. But this way can cost more time, efforts and cannot test the capability of the whole system. Also, with the investment in consultancy and purchasing the leading solutions from top ERP vendors, the NIBCO aim to go away the new system run for all the business unit, and the real time running can as well as test the performance of the new system, alike deport cost and time for implementation.Running all at the same time can also help the testing of integration and cooperat ion among factories and distribution centers. The big-bang or cut over approach requires the good skilled personnel, and also training for the new systems, working processes and running, maintenance the new system. The productivity was reported a reduction in the beginning month after the new system running, but improves gradually in the later months. The accounting reports can be done in two or three day, rather than two to three weeks when using the old systems.Also, with the new system, sharing and collaboration helps reduce inventory, as much as 25%, and also increase the fulfillment ratio from 80% to 95%, service quality has improved to 98%. Source http//www. nibco. com/ The BCG consultants noticed that the legacy environment and databases are out of control, which cause IS and IT staff too busy with fixing the issues more than focusing on developing supporting system for functional activities.The company used professional consultancy services from BCG but does not follow the s uggestion from BGC, the cutover or big-bang approach was implemented because the management leading do not support multi years plan also the fund for the project was 17 million USD, and will take one fourth of the companys members to involve in implementation for the project. The shorter time the project takes, the better and more effective it will be. IV. ERP project implementation lessons and recommendations 4. 1. Human resource for ERP projectProject was leaded by the CEO, as the project Champion, Rex Martin, who acted as the project leader and project champion. The top manager plays the key role to the ERP project, because this type of project will involve and affect all people and departments and units of company. With CEO in charge, the project will be supported by all the Vice Presidents in decision making and raising the resources for the project. The CEO set up the executive Leadership Team to act as the screening and monitoring committee, this team plays a key role in man aging the project because it help to make sure enough that all decisions are made at the highest level.The CIO, and also the Vice President, Scott Beutler was responsible for the ERP package, it means that the VP of IT and IS will be responsible for the functionalities of the software application, during process of project. The Information system managers, Gary Wilson, together with all the IS staff (about 30 people), will be involved in project, support the operations and implementation, development, maintenance. The CIO, IS leaders and IT staff will the support of top leaders will play key roles in assessment of ERP packages, testing, demonstration and operating the systems.The key modules of ERP package for NIBCO, SAP R/3, includes finance, supply chain, material, warehouse management, mathematical product planning and management, sales and distribution. Also, the HR module was purchased but will be implemented later. The leaders have played key roles in running the project, fo r example, Beutler manage the business process Wilson for technology and software packages, and Davis for managing project activities. Because of the scale of project, and it potential effects, one fourth of the company directors have been appointed to the project management board.This shows the load of the managers and also provide enough human resource for project to make sure that it can cut time from 3-5 years to 18 months. The participant of leaders and managers will make the project decisions faster and it may be the key reason for shortening the duration of project. 4. 2. Working with solution vendor ERP project requires both software, hardware, networking partners to involve in implementation. NIBCO has selected IBM as third party provider for the systems infrastructure, SAP as the software solution provider.For the experts and engineer support, NIBCO and partners appoint 6 consultants for functional and business processes, who work regularly with the project team. Also, t he maximum personnel can be raised to as many as 50 consultants at high time. The other personnel are also provided for training, reporting, programming, technical assistance, knowledge management All the supports are officially stated in the contract with solution providers and partners. In fact, Wilson has an IS department and personnel number up to 30, also he had mainframe application, HP and IBM platforms.The NIBCO has four legacy systems for order entry, manufacturing, distribution and accounting, but the chore is they are bought separately, with separate databases, which make integration difficult or very hard to implement. NIBCO has considered and evaluated seven ERP packages in depth and in details. With the experts and business from functional departments involving in assessment process by testing the modules, from several vendors. They are also sent to visit the previous or typical customers to get the feedbacks from real users.The key concern was the finance and supply chain management modules, using the shared database, and should be able to connecting and integrating all the modules together. 4. 3. Project management team The backcloth of the project is decided for all the factories and distribution centers, the operation was stared on the same day for ten plants and all distribution center. This decision for scope was quite risky but saving time and cost for NIBCO. The project team was released sooner than planned, the productivity was down a little bit but improve gradually, the project cost was a little under budget.All these factors are because of good experience and collaboration in project management. The key to success may be the tiger triad, which was led by Wilson and Beutler, who was working full time with ERP project. The Martin was added by CEO appointment to joint Beutler and Wilson as a third co-lead project. David with experience in substance quality management could help project focus on change management and maintaining quali ty. 4. 4. Training inside specialist For ERP project, training and technology transfer is key to success.Core knowledge and skills need to be transferred to IS department and all the functional departments for operation and maintenance. Source http//www. sap. com/solutions/bp/enterprise-resource-planning/solutions-overview. epx Four director leaders and two business system depth psychology were selected for review roles, working with other leaders from sales and distributions. One fourth or seven out of twenty eight directors of NIBCO have been selected for project as full time. These people must have good business knowledge to see the potential issues and settle conflicts. 4. 5. Project team assignmentThe project managers are assigned for specialized teams, including sales and distribution, financial, material management, and production management. Each team work together with experts from solution vendor. Business member will consider process, business functions, power users, busi ness process analysis. IS and IT engineers will be responsible for technical sides, including infrastructure, programming, testing, installation and running. Each team has their supporting IBM consultants, with their technical knowledge to that they could make joint decisions, and also transfer the knowledge to NIBCO core team at the same time.Consultants from solution vendor, SAP, also work together with the team. The final project cost was 17 million USD, and one third for infrastructure cost, including the solution software. One anther third for education, team work and the last one third for consulting (Brown, 2012, p. 501). 4. 6. Experience in change management The cutover approach or big-bang implementation of ERP package as NIBCO used requires a good change management in all business functions and department. Because business processes are changed, much or little depends on the nature of business, therefore all the related staff will be affected.Also, the application in wide range, all ten first factories and distribution centers will be affected same day, same time. The key to success of NIBCO implementation can be the careful planning and actions. The analysis and design, communication and management effectively, as well as the good coordination with consultants and vendors experts. The support and direction from top management to departments heads involving the implementation of ERP can also hand to the success. Big bang implementation requires change management that was not key strength of IBM.Training was used widely to increase skills and knowledge of users, with 450 different business activities in 15 locations. Open communication by provision of information to project teams, over 1,200 hours of training, over four months before going online or Go Live. The grace period was used for more scenario training, with more focus on business processes. After intensive, effective and serious training, the company could be ready to operate R/3 on its own without solution or partners expert working on site. List of Reference 1. Brown, 2012, Information Technology Management 7th Edition, learner Hall

Entreprenurial Finance Essay

MINI CASE 2 ANSWER SHEET GROUP 2R.K. Maroon is a seed-stage web-oriented entertainment company with important gifted topographic point. RKMs founders, all technology experts in the relevant area, are anticipating a quick leap to dot-com fortune and believe that their unique intellectual property will allow them to achieve a subsequent (year 3) $100,000,000 venture value with a one-time initial $2,000,000 in venture financing.In contrast, similar dot-commers in their receding are currently seeking multistage financing amounting to $10,000,000 to achieve comparable results. The founders have organized with 1,000,000 shares and are willing to grant venture investors a 100% go across on their business plan projections.A. What percent of ownership must be sold to grant the 100% three-year return? Value to Achieve in 3 yearsInitial FinancingTime in yearsRateFuture valuePercent owned by Investors100,000,000.002,000,000.003100%16,000,000.0016.00%B. What is the resulting abidance of sha re ownership (starting from the 1,000,000 founders shares?Shares Of foundersPercentage of the investorsPercentage leftTotal of Shares1,000,000.0016.00%84.00%1190476.19Shares to be Issued to Investors190476.1905C. Suppose the venture investors dont buy the business plan predictions and require to price the cut through assuming a second declamatory in year 2 of $8,000,000 with a 40% return. What changes? fleck Round MoneySecond Round E. ReturnMoney + Retunr Second RoundSecond Round Investor OwnershipFounder % of ownershipTotal Shares OutSecond Round Shares initiative Round SharesFounders Shares8,000,000.0040%11,200,000.0011.20%72.80%1,373,626.37153,846.15219,780.221,000,000.00D. Suppose the venture investors agree with the founders assessment, price the deal accordingly (as in Part B) and turn out to be wrong (an supererogatory $8,000,000 at 40% must be injected for the final year). 1. What is the impact on the founders and lag one investors final ownership assuming the second ro undis funded by outsiders?% Owned by first rond and FounderTotal Shares At ExitSecond Round Final OwnershipFirst Round Final Shares OwnedFounder Final Shares Owned88.80%1,340,626.3411.20%14.21%74.59%1. Compare these to your results for Part C.Compared to the results in part C, first round of investors will keep more percent of the company IN the results of C than in the part D2. Who bears the dilution from an anticipated round?Founders bear the cost of all rounds anticipated by the first round of investors 3. Who bears the dilution from an unanticipated round?Fist round of investors fail to anticipate a second round. This might cause this first round investors will bear some of the dilutionE. Suppose that the deal is priced assuming the second round (as in Part C) and it turns out to be unnecessary. Comment on the final ownership percentages at exit (year 3). What do you purpose about the impact of anticipated but unrealized subsequent financing rounds?At the beginning, the first r ound investors got a share allocations that protected them from second round dilution, while the founders beared thehedging of the first round investors. In the other hand, if the second round never arrives, first round investors will benefit a potentiometer because they didnt bear the anticipated dilution. Meanwhile, founders and first round would not have an incentive to have a bonus arrangement unless this help them to avoid a second round.

Conviction of Louise Woodward

In this essay i will be writing and explaining how spoken language is used and commensurate to influence the jury in the closing argument that convicted Louise Woodward. The prosecutor uses a variety of features in this argument to exchange the jury persecute Louse Woodward. I will be going through these techniques and explaining why he uses them to influence the jury. Gerard T Leone Jr was the prosecutor in the case of the death of Mathew Eappen. He uses repetition in the first section of the argument by repeating the victim name, Mathew Eappen. The repetitions show that he wants the jury to focus his attention on the victim. He wants the jury to expression emotionally connected to Mathew Eappen so it would affect the decision the jury makes. The repetition of Mathew Eappen encourages the acceptance of the idea that he was young and already dead because of Louise Woodward. It gives Mathew and the court mess a mutual bond. He talk about Mathew Eappen by saying the things he hasnt done to make the court feel pity toward him by saying that Mathew Eappen will never take his first step. Mathew Eappen will never say his first word because Mathew Eappen is dead. An additional example of repetition is when the repeats the word explodes when he talks about how the victims actually died. He repeats and uses this word as he is expected to use powerful language to convince the jury and the word explodes has resource so when he says Matties head explodes people visualise this shocking image. This is effective because he could have slowly put up pictures of the wound tho by making the audience visualise it, in some people minds the wound might appear more serious and horrifying than it was actually in real life.Another use of imagery is when he talk about the size of the wound . He doesnt use an adjective or a fiction but uses the name of an object to represent the wounds. In this context he uses a gooses egg. He says in form of a rhetorical question that she would have seen that goose egg on the back of his head. He uses a goose egg because when you visualise it is very fragile and easily broken so this is referring to poor Matties skull and that fact it uses a gooses egg over a daily , normal chicken eggs that this wasnt a ordinary crack but bigger more sever crack which unfortunately cost Mathew Eappen his life.A technique that he uses is sarcasm during the last section of the lecture is that convicted Louise Woodward. Gerard talk about the testimony Louise gave about the death of Mathew Eappen. She saying the testimony that she popped Mathew on the floor but he replies by saying that the word popped sounds exchangeable the word dropped, that the words popped sounds a little lie tossed. This is sarcastic because he wants the people to know for sure that Louise dropped Mathew Eappen which cause his head to explode. His victimisation sarcasm to key out the jury that Louise Woodward is guilty without tell the jury and court directly that she is guilty. This is effective because not is he accusing her indirectly but he is confirming that the injuries were caused by Louise Woodward. The prosecutor uses many rhetorical questions through out the argument because these make the audience think and have time to answer the questions in the minds even belief Gerard T Leone is not asking for an answer he is giving question after question so the audience can think about them and hold out the point he is trying to make.In the middle of the argument he shows this by saying Dont you think she would have seen that goose egg on the back of his head? Dont you think she would have preceded some swelling, some injury to the back of Mathew Head? Another example of him using a rhetorical question is when he says Why would Sergeant Detective snout conflagrate lie? Former marine twenty five old age on the force. In this context he uses a rhetorical question that is leading so the court will automatically think that what Bill Burn sa id wasnt a lie .The question is leading because he follows the question with former marine twenty five years on the force. This makes Bill sound trustworthy and Louise Woodward guiltier. Using rhetorical questions is great(p) because as a prosecutor you would expect them to question the case and use rhetorical question to convince the court men. The prosecutor has used a variety of techniques through out his argument to convince the jury to convict Louise Woodward. I believe this is a great piece of spoken language as well as having many features the prosecutor is adding emotion and moods by changing some words.A example of this is when he says She was washup Mattie like she was supposed to, he uses the name Mattie instead of Mathew because it signifies how young he was and Mattie is the name that the people with the closest relationship would call him such as his parent, so by calling him Mattie he is creating sorrow and pity by talking about the loss of someone so loved. Overall this is a very win over argument and is structured carefully so all details correspond with each other creating an organised power and strong argument.

How far is it true that the play ‘The Duchess of Malfi’, presents a moral world of Webster’s that is different from the conventional mores? Essay

The Machiavellian qualities realizen in the villains, along with the pragmatic of even exis ecstasytialist attitude to life dis dissembleed by the good as well as bad characters may give a first impression that the universe of deal Webster presents in The Duchess of Malfi, is a chaotic man, but for a closer and deeper look at the p range will show that the world is influenced by a moral separate though this order can non be univers eachy enforced. though the moral presence exists, this world remains mysterious, incomprehensible and the future of worldly creatures is unpredictable.The growing immortality and sensuousness, which the court displayed, do the citizens sympathise with the Puritans. People began to criticize the court and religion more voc anyy. This critical temper had its effect in literature of the time as well as. Times were running come forth and pessimism and satire arose go forth of the dissatisf military action among the people. The melancholy mood found i n the literature of the late 16th and early 17th century was non affection, but a indispensable expression of the gloom and frustration that people of the time felt. The preoccupation of Webster with decay, disease sickness and death can be explained in the light of the cordial history. Webster excels in the sudden flash, in the intuitive but frequentlytimes unsustained perception. At times he startles us by what may be called the Shakespe atomic number 18an white plague of the common word. In the olive-drab night of The Duchess of Malfi at the high point of tension when the Duchess is ab pop out to die her last words are Go aver my comrade, when I am laid outThey then may feed in fluent-The bareness of Feed increases the force of the line, for it suggests animals engrossment. It has too, that flesh of authority peculiar to the common word unexpectly introduced. Its impact is that of bread in Hamlets skill. He took my father grossly, full of bread,With all his crimes op enhanded blown, as flush as MayThey too often remain isolated and detached from the main stream of thought. In his gracioussner of writing much(prenominal) sentences come too often though they may nonhave a direct relation with the texture of the play. Such lines as O, this gloomy worldIn what a shadow, or deep pit of darkness,Doth womanish and fearful mankind liveLet worthy minds never stagger and distrust To run into death or shame for what is justMine is an separate voyage, stand out as detached expression of Websters sententious wisdom. more of Websters lines in The Duchess of Malfi have become almost proverbial and can be quoted like proverbs without consideration of the text in which they occur. Tragedy according to Aristotle should stabilise pity and fear leading to the catharsis of such emotions. Webster, an Elizabethan and a Jacobean, possibly could not have written plays according to Aristotles cannons. However, there is plentitude in the play that arouses pity. And surely there is fear too in abundance arising out of all pervading horror in the play. As it is generally understood, a tragedy deals with pitifuls and misfortunes of the protagonists of the play. That I might toss her palace bout her earsRoot up her goodly forests, blast her meads,And lay her general territory as yearnAs the hath d iodine her honours.The Duchess of Malfi, like any good tragedy teaches us to cut the world and its ways better. There are plenty in the play that are sensational and horrifying making it melodramatic to some extent, and they appeal to the morbid instincts of the playgoer. However, the principal victim of this play is not merely the sufferer, the Duchess, but the invincible and unsubdued benignant olfaction of hers. In this the Duchess comes close to Shakespearian heroes and heroines. She keeps up her dignified spirit of defiance towards the evildoers, but is remarkably humble before heaven. She displays her sensuality not still in her marriage bu t also in devouring the apricots with evident greed. She becomes blind in her passion for Antonio and is credulous in taking Bosolas words at face value. Her shirking of her responsibility, as a ruler of Malfi is a glaring flaw.Still the re soft touched dignity with which she faces the spectacle showing her dear unmatchables as bushed(p) and her own impendingstrangling make us respect her unbreakable spirit. That enduring spirit ennobles us and uplifts us. Our faith in the indwelling nobility of gracious beings is reinforced, despite the damaging effect on that faith caused by the evil and villainy of others. In the case of Bosola, it is an intellectual failure. He fails to understand his personal individualism and his responsibility for his actions. The play suggestively tells that sin is inherent in man and that the corruption of the body will find its way into corrupt action. The drift towards an error is natural and it eventually arrives at the natural consequence retributio n. This appears to be the meaning of the play. Right the fashion of the worldFrom decayd fortunes e very(prenominal) flatterer shrinksMen forgo to build where the foundation sinksThe Duchess, Antonio and Bosola share the focus of tragic issues in the play. The tragic flaw (hamartia) in the Duchess is the madness which Cariola identifies at the end of the first act. That of Antonio, mainly is ambition- Ambition,madam,is a great mans madness,That is not kept in chains and close-pent rooms,But in fair lightsome lodgings, and is girtWith the savage noise of prattling visitantsWhich makes it lunatic beyond all cure.Along with the realism may be menti iodined the meditative energy and the capacity to realize the irony, the mysterious nature and the pathos of life. The meditative energy Webster displays is an essential smash of his dramatic genius. Sometime he introduces fables or parables even when by doing so inconsistencies in character portrayal creep in. Duke Ferdinands parable or Reputation, Love and Death and the Duchesss fable of the salmon and the dog-fish belong to this area. Though we are eaten up of lice and worms,And though continually we bear nigh usA rotten and dead body, we delightTo hide it in tissueWebster presents a moral world that is some mysterious ways that eventual(prenominal)ly bring punishments for the crimes one(a) commit. The devilish Arragonianbrothers and their as devilish instrument, Bosola, feel the pangs of conscience and meet ignoble death. Remorse touches Ferdinand the most, and makes him lycanthropic. His presenting a dead mans hand to the Duchess is another indication. The army of the dead Duchess indeed acts as a trigger in turning him fully mad. Finally he is killed by Bosola. Bosola is struck with remorse, when he finds that his much expected preferment does not come to him. He declares that if he was to live once again he would not commit his crimes, For all the wealth of Europe that face at the dead Duchess he says,H ere is a sightAs direful to my soul as is the swordUnto a wretch hath slain his father. later on he mortally stabs the Cardinal and the Duke and himself, is killed by the Lycanthropic Duke. Even the Cardinal, who is a cold and calculating Machiavellian, feels the pricking of conscience. He goes to the religious books for consolation but finding it futile, lay it aside. He expresses his mental agony clearly when he soliloquizes How tedious is a quality conscienceWhen I look into the fish ponds in my garden,Methinks I see a thing armd with a rake,That seems to strike at me.True, the Duchess and Antonio do have their flaws but the pathetics they face appear to be out of simile to their sins. Really their mistakes are insignificant and the punishment too great. Webster illustrates that the moral order he visualizes does not mete out reward and punishment equitably. The intense suffering that is heaped upon Duchess and to a lesser extent on Antonio , is determined by the forces of evi l that exist in her devilish brothers and their villainous tool Bosola. The three appear to be mentally diseased people, sadists who enjoy inflicting of pain on others. Bosola, despite his occasional moral meditations and occasional show of sympathy for the plight of the Duchess, inflicts subtle mental hurt on the Duchess. Who would be afraid ont.Knowing to meet such excellent companyIn the other world?The dramatists gist for bloodshed, violence and horror can be seen from his preoccupation with the morbid and the macabre. The world he presents is one of corruption, immortality, cruelty, dishonesty, greed and Machiavellianism. This is flesh and blood, sirT is not the figure overthrow in alabaster.Altogether ten murders take place, on the stage, in The Duchess of Malfi. Tortures of the most repulsive and shocking kind are released on the Duchess. The presentation and the dead mans hand, the spectacle of the waxen figures of Antonio and children, shown as dead, the letting loose of the lunatics on to coffin, the strangling of the Duchess, Cariola and the children, the lycanthropia of the Duke, the killing of Antonio and the servant and the final Carnage, all show the preoccupation of the author with the black and the morbid. Further, he seems to show disappointment when he finds the Duchess unbroken in spirit, despite her effort to break it. In Webster, like in Shakespeare, the good people with minor flaws seem to suffer deeply.Revenge is not a sacred duty in The Duchess of Malfi. Thus the play defers from the traditional ones. Revenge in its most rattling(a) form is presented here. Both the brothers, who seek revenge, are beastly villainous beings. In their rage they lose their sense of judgment and behave as depraved human beings, which they really are. Their resentment at the Duchesss marriage below rank is natural, but it makes them commit inexplicably monstrous atrocities. Their revenge is not even a wild justice but very unnatural and bestial cruelty born out of perversion. In presenting this changed kind of revenge Webster has moved away from the beaten path. Would I could be one,That I might toss her palace bout her ears,Root up her goodly forests, blast her meadsAnd lay her general territory as uncivilisedAs she hath done her honours.Webster does not believe that human suffering is caused by a supernatural agency- God or Fate. The events in the play show that human suffering iscaused partly by the flaw in the sufferers and partly by the devilish qualities that exist in other villainous people. The Duchess, who suffers most in the play, is not a blemishes person. She has her flaw, her hamartia which is her sensuousness that makes her marry beneath her. She does not care for the damage of reputation her marriage could bring to her illustrations brothers, a Cardinal and a Duke. He and his brothers are like plum-trees that grow crooked over Standing-pools they are rich and oerladen with fruit, but none but crows, pies and caterp illars feed on them. Could I be one of their flattering ponders, I would hang on their ears like a horseleech, till I were full, and then drop off.The Duchess of Malfi is one of the John Webstars finer plays. some(prenominal) images are in the play which brings in tempests, thunder and earthquakes. Perhaps the best that belongs to this group is found in the Dukes answer to the Cardinals enquire why the former behaves like a tempest. Very pungently he satirises the courtiers and courtly life of the time. The corruption of the court and the rewards the princes extended for devilish services is one of the major themes of the play. In the very first horizon of the play we find Bosola making fun of the courtiers, and the evil patrons. Websters skill in stagecraft is displayed in several(prenominal) episodes of the play. The whole of Act IV is a theatrical tour de force. The Duchess court of Antonio leading to the secret marriage in Act I also shows equally great dramatic skill. The s udden appearance of Cariola from behind the arras gives a shock to Antonio.The meeting of Antonio and Bosola in the courtyard of Malfi palace, with its sense of the theatre resembles the courtyard scene in Macbeth (Act II, Sc.I). Also dramatic is the Dukes stormy appearance at the residence of the Cardinal with a letter in hand, fuming with rage. The Dukes secret entryway into the Duchesss bed chamber gives a dramatically arresting episode. The Duchess s surprised at the continued silence of her husband, hears footsteps behind and turns expecting him coming back, but sees her brother the Duke advancing to her with his hand on his poniard. Another, theatrically very effective scene is where the Duke suffering from lycanthropic appears on the stage m blabing strangling is a very quiet death.The Duke, stealing across the stage in the dark, whispering to himself, with the devastating appearance of mad man is a figure one may not forget. notwithstanding the human beings of definite fl aws in the nature of the Duchess and Antonio the sufferings and misfortunes they faced would not have arisen but for the evil present in the Cardinal, the Duke and Bosola. Webster appears to believe in the predominant existence of evil in this world. The various references to the devil and Machiavellianism stand testimony to it. Such references help to emphasize the evil nature of the Cardinal, the Duke and their tool-villain, Bosola. They are responsible for most of the sufferings and the ten deaths shown in the play. The tyrannous brothers become indignant at the news of their sister giving birth to a child, which they think to be illegitimate. The Duke is affected more and loses all self-control He shouts in anger that he would become a storm That I might toss her palace bout her earsRoot up her goodly forests, blast her meads,And lay her general territory as wasteAs the hath done her honours.In Elizabethan drama scenes of madness used to be shown on the stage, but they were epis odic and did not contribute to the play at a psychological level. Webster too presents the chorus of madmen according to the revenge tradition. It frames, mostly a grotesque atmosphere with the antics and lunatic dance of the mad men. However there is some psychological interest too present in it. The Duke devises the scheme to paroxysm the Duchess with the intention of turning her mad, but ironically he, not the Duchess, becomes mad.The lycanthropic madness of the Duke has still greater psychological significance. his madness is shown not only as an instrument to create horror, but to show that his crime has knocked him out of his sanity. Human beings inflict untold sufferings on his fellow beings prompted by ambition, envy, hatred, greed and lust for power. In Websters world it is the natural lot of man that he endures decay, disease and death. The Duchess and Antonio, the good characters of the play meet their death one after a long suffering, the other by simple accident. Even the blameless Cariola, and the innocent children meet death by strangulation. Virtue, innocence and other good qualities appear to offer no assured arctic against suffering and premature death. If all my royal kindredLay in my way unto this marriage,Id make them my low footsteps.Websters world is one where suffering embraces all, the good and the wicked. Suffering and death are inevitable. They result sometimes from deliberate contrivance as in the case of the Duchess, Cariola etc sometimes from compulsive action as in the case of Antonio and they can take place quite arbitrarily as in the case of the servant whom Bosola kills. Though he is a villainous person perpetrating some of the most heinous crimes, but he is also portrayed as a meditating malcontent who occasionally appears to act as a mouth-piece of the authors view of life. Seeking happiness in the world, Webster seems to say is a futile effort for pleasure and is only momentary, but suffering is inevitable and profound. The dying Antonio makes it clear, joyfulness of life, what is t?only the good hoursOf an ague merely a preparative to rest,To endure vexation.Webster could have been influenced by a few contemporary incidents to make the play what it is. unrivalled of them is the story of the fate of Torquato Tasso at the hands of Alfonso dEste, an Italian Duke, because of his love for the Dukes sister. Another was the imprisonment of noblewoman Arabella Stuart, as a punishment for het marrying Lord William Seymour against the wishes of King James I, her cousin. Lady Arabella became mentally deranged while in person. Though Webster followed Painters line, he made many noticeable additions. This can be found not only in the plot construction but also in characterization. In the play we find the Cardinal and the Duke warning the Duchess against a remarriage.There is nothing of the sort present in Painter. So also are the part played by Bosola, the secret entry of the Duke into the bed chamber of the Duchess and the sub plot of Julias adulterous relationship with the Cardinal. Further most of the incidents of Act IV especially the tormenting of the Duchess, by presenting the spectacle of the waxen images, the Dukes presenting a dead mans hand to the Duchess, the antics of the lunatics, Bosolas entry as a tomb manufacturing business and a bellman etc., are all Websters inventions. Antonios visit to the Cardinal, the Echo-scne, the lycanthropia of the Duke, Bosolas finding to turn against his master and the final death of all the three, too are Websters additions. I have ever thoughtNature doth nothing so great for great menAs when shes pleasd to make them lords of truthIntegrity of life is fames best friend,Which nobly, beyond death, shall crown the end.The Duchess of Malfi has an admirable exposition in the first act. All the major characters are introduced sufficiently well. Antonio, knowledgeable in the fashion and manners of French Court, the Duke and the Cardinal who are l ike plum trees that grow crooked and right noble Duchess whose discourse it is so full of rapture are painted with a few thick strokes . Later the Duchess shows her independence, vivacity and passionate nature by declaring her defiant attitude to the advice of the brothers and wooing Antonio abruptly and marrying him secretly. This may apply not only to the virtuous Duchess, but also to the wicked Bosola, who with determination kills the two characters. Bosolas statement, Let worth minds neer stagger in distrustTo differ death or shame- for what is justmakes this point amply clear. Whether virtuous or wicked, all should boldly fold not to compromise or surrender, but persist in being what they have it in themselves. Bosola by declaringIll be mine own example-And the Duchess by asserting,I am Duchess of Malfi stillHe realizes that he has to die like a leveret. He does so and we feel as if he has faced the ultimate punishment for his crimes. Nemesis reaches all the three villains gi ving the impression that there is some moral -order that in some unknown way mete out punishments to the evil doers. The Duchess ridicules Cariola for her respect for religion and calls her a superstitious fool. However she displays her belief in God by kneeling before her death. We have to conclude that, Webster does not openly negate the existence of God in the play. However, the turn of events in the play makes one think that Websters moral world is an extentialist one. Whether the spirit of greatness or of womanReign most in her, I know not but it showsA fearful madness I owe her much of pity.Bosolas telling that I will be mine own example is a typical extentialist statement. The Duchess taking firm personal decision about her marriage, Duchesss disregarding the opinion of her brothers and her accepting the consequences of that action with a resigned courage too is an existentialist attitude so also is the detachment with Antonio faces his fate. One of the basic requirements of that philosophy, negation of God, however is not emphasized in the play. Antonio is an extentialist as far as his attitude to religion, but nothing is said to show that he does not believe in God. The fables, the Duchess and the Duke relate, too are significant for their moral worth. Bosola, though a dark and villainous tool in the hands of the equally dark brothers, during his meditative bouts brings out worthy moral truths. About gold coins he says, These curd gifts would makeYou a corrupter, me an impudent traitorHe has other philosophic comments too.Since place and riches oft are bribes opf shameSometimes the devil doth preach.Musing over the ruins of the Abbey near the Cardinals palace he says But all things have their endChurches and cities, which have diseases like to men,Must have like death that we haveTo show the transcience of happiness he says,Pleasure of life, what is t? only the good hoursOf an agueThe moral message of the play comes out frequently through pithy state ments. It is interesting that almost all characters utter some universal truth, some statement significant to human life, displaying the moral undertone of the play. Antonio moralizes from the beginning till his last moments. Even minor characters are often found to express moral ideas. Cariola comments on the Duchess marriage thus Whether the spirit of greatness or of womanReign most in her, I know not but it showsA fearful madnessThe first pilgrim has this to say about the fall of the great. Fortune makesthis conclusion general.All things do help the in a bad way(p) man to fall.Julia, the trumpet too utters a pithy statement T is weakness,Too much to think what should have been done.Delio has something moral to state very oftenThough in our miseries Fortune have a part,Yet in our noble sufferings she hasth noneHe winds up the play with a statement great(predicate) with philosophic truth Integrity of life is fames best friend,Which nobly, beyond death shall crown he end.All these moral statements may appear out of place in a tragedy to a modern reader, but an Elizabethan play goer would have taken it as a sign of the Authors moral consciousness. I am Duchess of Malfi still, brings out Websters view of life. There is an amount of self-centered thinking in her. Further she is a credulous person and susceptible to flattery. We see her gloating over the praise Bosola showers on Antonio and reveals her secret of identity of her husband to Bosola. Then, pleased with his flattering comments on her marriage she takes him as a confidant decides to accept his advice and to go to Loretto on a feigned pilgrimage. Both the actions lead to disastrous consequences. Antonio too, faces his fate partly because of his flaws.Though he despises ambition as a great mans madness, it is his ambition that makes him succumb to the desires of the Duchess and marry her. His passivity too led to his downfall. He does not show any inclination it out with the Arragonian brothers though h e knows that justice is on his part. Many of the opinions expressed by the various characters of the play stag Websters extentialist leanings though, the word extentialism as a philosophy evolved only in the nineteenth century after Kierkgoard.Extentialism rejects metaphysics and concentrates on the individuals existence in the world. It is a pragmatic and psychologically realistic philosophy that negates the existence of a God. There is some inherent absurdity in mans existence. For all human activities are equivalent, all are destined by principles to defeat, but a man is responsible for his effect on others, though only his existence is real to him, and he is ultimately his own judge. Among all these apparently chaotic happenings in this world one wonders what a man should aim at. atomic number 18 there some values he should cherish? Webster answers, surely, through his unmistakable esteem for the virtuous characters in the play. He apparently advocates two qualities to be civ il among humans they should persist in being what they are and they should face calamities with fortitude. The closing speech of Delio may be Websters message to humans. The weakest arm is strong exuberant that strikesWith the sword of justiceWebster presents in his plays, a view of the world where the destructive forces unleash their power on the individual. The inner reality one sees in Shakespearean characters is absent in Webster. He portrays only their outer nature, and even that is often absorbed into the general forces. This results in their losing even the exterior marks of individuality. After sketching their traits through narration, Webster shows them behaving in conformity with that narration. They become types, their characteristics being shared by many others in this world. The soliloquy of Webster does not give any deep insight into the character, which Shakespeare very well provides. Websters soliloquies only throw light into a plot and action. Further Webster remo ves the inner dimension of man from his tragic picture he presents. As a result development of character, as is seen in Shakespeare, is not possible in Webster. I am puzzled in a question about hellHe says, in hell theres one material fire.************************************************************************************ EXCEPT IDEAS AND SETTINGS AND REFERENCES, WORDS AND SENTENCES FROM DR.S.SEN.

Down these mean streets by Thomas Piri Essay

Years later on its original publication, Piri Thomass Down These Mean Streets remains as powerful, immediate, and shocking as it was when it startle stunned readers. In this classic confessional autobiography, firmly in the tradition of Eldridge Cleavers Soul on Ice and The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Piri Thomas describes the experience of festering up in the barrio of Spanish Harlem, a labyrinth of lawlessness, drugs, gangs, and crime.The teenaged Piri seeks a place for himself in barrio society by becoming a gang leader, and as he grows up his life spirals into a self-destructive cycle of drug addiction and violence, the same cycle that he sees all around him and hardly knows how to break. Piri is overly troubled by a very personal problem much darker than his brothers and sisters, he decides that he, unlike his siblings, is black, and that he must come to terms with life as a black American. Eventually arrested for shooting two men in an armed robbery, Piri spends six years i n Sing and Comstock prisons.With insight and poe accentuate he describes his time in prison, the dreams and emotions that prompted him finally to start life again as a writer, street poet, and performer, and how he became an activist with a passionate commitment to comer and helping todays youth. One of the most striking features of Down These Mean Streets is its language. It is a linguistic event, said The New York Times Book Review. sewer language, Spanish imagery and personal poeticsmingle into a kind of individual statement that has very much its own sound. Piri Thomass brilliant substance with words, his ability to make language come alive on the page, should prove attractive to young people and inspire them to look at writing and belles-lettres in fresh new ways. Thirty years ago Piri Thomas made literary history with this lacerating, lyrical memoir of his coming of age on the streets of Spanish Harlem. Here was the testament of a born outsider a Puerto Rican in English-s peaking America a dark-skinned morenito in a family that refused to let in its African blood.Here was an unsparing document of Thomass plunge into the deadly consolations of drugs, street fighting, and armed robberya descent that ended when the twenty-two-year-old Piri was displace to prison for shooting a cop. As he recounts the journey that took him from adolescence in El Barrio to a lock-up in Sing to the freedom that comes of self-acceptance, faith, and inner confidence, Piri Thomas gives us a book that is as exultant as it is harrowing and whose every page bears the irrepressible rhythm of its authors voice.Thirty years after its first appearance, this classic of manhood, marginalisation, survival, and transcendence is available in an anniversary edition with a new Introduction by the author. The questions, assignments, and discussion topics that follow are designed to guide your students as they approach the many issues raised in Down These Mean Streets. The questions of rac e and culture, of drugs, and of crime and punishment are all treated in the book, and should provide jumping-off points for many fruitful discussions.Another important element of the book is its vivid description of the youth culture of the barrio. Ask your students not only to honorarium special attention to that culture, but also to compare it with their own, and to look for similarities even when similarities might not be immediately evident. Piri Thomas gained the distance and objectivity to bring up his world without prejudice or self-deception your students should try to do the same. Finally, the students should be encouraged to look at the book not only as a cultural document, but also as a work of literature.Ask them to examine the language Thomas uses, his choice of words, the flow of the story. How does he create his intimate tone, his sense of immediacy? This work might help change your students ideas about(predicate) the right way to write, and inspire them to try to find their own individual voices. To what goal is Harlems communal code of pride, masculinity, and rep re-created in prison life? How does life inside prison resemble life outside? The conclude that my punishment was deserved was absent. As prison blocks off your body, so it suffocates your mind. pp. 25556Does this indicate to you an essential fault in the prison system? Do you regard that the advice Piri gives Tico about how to deal with Rube is good? Is prison a purely negative experience for Piri, or are there good things about it? Which of the people he meets while in prison enrich and improve his life? Does Piri decide not to join the rioters, or is the decision essentially made for him by the hacks? wherefore does Chaplin/Muhammed believe that Christianity is the white mans religion, Islam the black mans?Do outside or societal factors play a role in Chaplin/ Muhammads choice of religions? As he leaves prison, Piri says, I am not ever going to be the same. Im changed all r ight. p. 306 In what ways has Piri changed, and what has changed him? Which of his ideas have been altered by his time in prison? Piri presents himself as a product of his race, culture, and community, but many of his traits are purely his own. How would you describe Piris personality? Poppa What kind of a person is Poppa? What makes him proud, what makes him ashamed?Is he a good or bad father, a good or bad maintain? Do you find him sympathetic? Trina Piri sees Trina as nearly perfect. How would you describe her? Do you think that she behaves passively toward Piri, or does she demonstrate spirit of her own? What do you think of her response to Dulciens baby? Brew How would you describe Brews character? What has given him his outlook on life, and how does it differ from Alayces? How does he dig Piri? Why does he agree to go south with Piri? Chaplin/Muhammed What has made Muhammed hate Christianity?What does Islam mean to him? Piri Thomas uses a number of pungent expressions, both in Spanish and English. How does the language he uses express his character and his world? Write a two-page essay describing one day in your life. Use your own style of talking, and try to be as colloquial as possible. What might your essay tell the reader about you, your friends, and your world? The youth culture in Spanish Harlem to which Piri and his friends live has certain firm, if unwritten, rules. Would you say the same is true of your own school or neighborhood?What are the rules that govern the behavior of young people you know? What do you feel you have to do to be cool, to be accepted, to belong? Write a short essay describing the social rules your own friends follow. Piri is describing a specific period in time the 1940s. Do you find that the life a family like the Thomass lived has changed much since that time? Make a list of the things that have changed for teenagers like Piri, and of the things that have stayed the same. Reference Down these mean streets by Thomas Piri

Before The Law: A Psychological Approach Essay

There arent many descriptions of the setting discussed in the bosh, while in the process of reading it, the reader seems to only know that at that place is a gate, a doorkeeper, and a man trying to get in. It is non until the end of the story that it is realized that there may in fact not be a setting at all. Kafka wrote this parable with the intentions of that when the reader was beginning to read, they would assume that the gate the man is trying to get access into is guarding a structure or some other place that mankinds could physically go to.While instead he was telling a story about the human mind. That last few sentences in the story being, The doorkeeper recognizes that the man has r severallyed his end, and to permit his failing senses catch the words, roars in his ear No matchless else could ever be admitted here, since this gate was made only for you. I am now going to shut it. giving away Kafkas hidden message. The way that you look at the story, or possibly even the way you have lived your life thus far, can persuade how you take the message that Kafka is trying to give to the readers.The story is written in a third person narrative form, Kafka doesnt give much detail as to the surroundings in the story but he does let you get into the mans head. He writes, Yet in his darkness, he is now aware of a radiance that streams inextinguishably from the gateway of the Law. Kafka is letting you in on how the man feels and how he views the gate. The way Kafka ends this story makes the reader have to speak out about their life almost involuntarily. The only difference in how each person thinks is Where do you think the gate has access to? What do you think the law is? And why do you think the man wants to get in it?My answers to those previously stated questions may be different than many but I feel as if Kafka was trying to get the readers to understand that the law is every human beings own and personalized sanctuary. caller says that finding th e job of your dreams, the lover of your dreams, and the house of your dreams is what makes you happy. I feel as if finding ones own inner peace is what truly makes you happy. The armed guards in this story represent the pathway and the battles that one has to take to get the their inner sanctuary. Each time you get past one guard, the next is dangerouser to get through.The guards represent each level of growing into your own person and figuring out yourself and who you are. The story writes, Everyone strives to reach the Law, says the man, so how does it happen that for all these many years no one but myself has ever begged for admittance? The man is doing what he thinks everyone else wants to do, he is not doing it out of pure satisfaction for himself, that is why he is not strong copious to even get past the first guard. At the end of the story it is then revealed that the gate was only meant for the man, but he didnt try hard enough to get in before the light took him over.I f only the man would have went to attempt to beat the guard would he have then realised that the path through the law would lead to his inner peace and serenity. He would have to fight harder and harder battles each time but he choose to not even try to get past the first guard. This story shows how the man has to fight to get what he wants and if he does not try to do so, he will die with nothing but an unanswered question and an unpeaceful mind. The setting could just possibly be within ones own mind, but it could too be everything in the physical world. Or both at the same time.

Performance Management Plan Essay

Good afternoon Traci, after assessing the current status and future needs of Marylee Luthers construction company and taking some notes from your conversation with her the another(prenominal) day we convey compiled a procedure counsel framework that we believe will integrate the companys goals to its strategy while making the offshoot move from Michigan to Arizona and staying consistent with the organizations current revenue and employee growth projections over the next year. We will briefly outline this carrying out management contrive as it pertains to the categories of alignment of the performance management framework to the organizational argument strategy, organizational performance philosophy, the job analysis process you will complete to tell the skills needed by employees, methods used for measuring the employees skills, process for addressing skill gaps, and an approach for delivering effective performance feedback. The framework that has been chosen for the organiz ation will serenity the growing pains of adding 20% more personnel (130 people) over the next year.Performance FrameworkOrganizations with the revenues and personnel comparable to Mrs. Luthers construction job have made the move to all comprehensive computer software systems in order to handle the monitoring and scheduled maintenance of two operational and employee performance prosody which allow handlers to make real time changes that save time and money for the organization. We recommend WebFOCUS performance management framework or (PMF). According to Information Builders (1996-2013), PMF is a comprehensive, fully integrated, out-of-the-box solution that fully supports any existing performance management methodology, such as balanced scorecard (BSC). It comes complete with all the functionality and tools companies need to efficiently and effectively set and communicate strategy across theorganization, define related metrics, and involve all stakeholders in monitoring and me asurement all from a single, intuitive, easy-to-access, browser-based environment. postulate moreGrowth Performance ManagementThe PMF software has such features asPerformance management data modelsPre-built dashboards, scorecards, and reportsMore than 500 pre-packaged metrics for common industries and business functions Strategy mapping to visualize and communicate strategyThe ability to manage performance and risk togetherMobile alertsIn-depth analyticsLink scorecards to operational reportsThe WebFOCUS framework software will be a good fit for the organization due to the fact that the software will give the organization the ability to maintain unity and allow for growth in every area of the business. Performance PhilosophyIn order to facilitate the solidification of the performance framework with the organizations unsanded performance strategy, we have chosen a proven philosophy that encourages the simultaneous improvement of both technical and social aspects of the company thro ugh aligning the organizations strategy with its goals and distinctly incorporating each employee into a definable vary of the business. Core principles are developed as guidelines for members of the organization to operate under to stay in line with the business goals. Here are the principles that should be focused on moving forward. The strategy and goals of the organization are clear to all members of the organization and are an integral part of everyday operations The employees are treated as the organizations key assets and are provided with the readying, skill development, and resources to succeed while ful fill up the organizations strategy Work is designed around teams to bring through the goals of the business as a whole Job processes and structures are streamlined to support a focused part of the organizations strategy The management team is impart to provide operational boundaries, resources for tasks and guidance when needed The organization will always exceed the e xpectations of its customers Identifying Employee NeedsGiven the fact that construction workers are out on job sites most of the day and cannot voice their needs or concerns when they arise, we recommend a system of top-down check ins daily where managers will have fluent conferences with site supervisors after having team meetings that morning on the different job sites. This will help move any employee needs or issues up the management chain faster. To add to that process management will have quarterly one-on-one meetings with all employees to address any needs and guide in filling any performance or skill gaps that will later be scheduled for improvement. Measuring Employee SkillsUsing the WebFOCUS software, we recommend having employees taking an online test that can be done at work or home that will attain each employees skills and strengths and will put those into a database that measures standards to each job and where that employee excels or falls short in that job and th e construction industry. The new software will also keep the company goals and focus for both Michigan and new Arizona facilities simultaneously. Addressing Skill GapsConstruction employees are notoriously hands on people so after a proper skills assessment test to identify strengths and weaknesses in that employees current position we recommend a one-on-one meeting between that employee and their manager where a training map can be discussed and utilise over a three month period which will consist of both online and on-the-job training to bring the employee up to industry standards for their respective position. The training will be monitored by site supervisors and progress will be logged and relayed to upper management. Effective Performance FeedbackPerformance feedback is essential to both the employee as closely as the company so we recommend a system of open communication and full disclosure as they pertain to current and the projected 20% new employees over the next year fo r the company. The process will consist of the manager clearly conveying their expectations of said employee at the point of hire, informing that quarterly one-on-one meetings with the manager will be heldto make sure that employees performance goals are being met, and address any issues or concerns that arise. The process for the yearly performance feedback reviews will consist of a clear ranking system based off of the managers previously stated expectations of that employee, social and technical compliances for that employee, and will give an boilersuit score that will dictate any compensation raise or bonus. The day of the performance feedback the employee will receive a printed out copy of the feedback an second before their actual meeting with management. This will allow the employee to work out any emotions or feeling within themselves first so that the meeting with their manager can be conducted with fresh eyes and ears. The manager will not address any issue with compensat ion or wander off outcome during the feedback and new goals and expectations will be discussed and implemented from that point. ConclusionThe information that has been given in regards to Marylee Luthers construction company warranted a completely all inclusive software system to be able to make assessments and organize information regarding the business and employees. We feel that the WebFOCUS software chosen for her company will streamline processes and accelerate growth as they expand to the Arizona market and provide flexibility for the managers to use in new ways moving forward in both states respectively. We believe that the process changes recommended towards employee relations will empower the employees to expand their own knowledge and foster a sense of accountability and ownership that will ultimately take the company and employee to the next level.ReferencesInformation builders (1996-2013). Retrieved from http//www.informationbuilders.com/products/webfocus/webfocuspmf The center for organizational design (2012). Retrieved from http//www.centerod.com/high-performance-philosophy/

History: Sociology and Karl Marx Essay

Sociology is the study of deal within a company. Three distinguished Modernist Thinkers Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and sludge weber atomic number 18 the three important figures in sociology. During the metre of the modernist thinkers, they played a role in sociology idea. This paper will explore the grandeur on why these three figures are considered modernist thinkers. What in that location main focus was and how they are considered a modernist thinker. Karl Marx was born in 1818. He was a German philosopher who believed that material goods are part of the affable world. Marx was committed to revolutionist. Marx was move to work out the social movement. According to Marx, the ideal g everyplacenment would be a communist state where resources are evenly shared. Marx was involved in political and social issues which later on lead to more a communist theory. Marx theory on history is focused on whether or not night club will cosmetic surgery and fall. Based on this theor y Marx was influenced by Hegel.Marx belief on history evolved from many unpredictable directions. Marx was trying to pardon the analysis of capitalist within societies and the sparing failures that were produced. He suggested opposite socialist remedies. In the article Contribution to the Critique of Hegels philosophy of Right by Karl Marx, The showation of irreligious criticism is troops makes religion, religion does not make man. Religion is, indeed, the self-consciousness and self-esteem of man who has either not insofar won through to himself, or has already lost himself again. But man is no abstract beingness squatting outside the world. Man is the world of man state, society in other words Marx was thinking about how a human being could exist. Religion is dependent on economics such as state and society Marx explained that capitalist takes more of our productive labor where as religion we believe there is a god or to be called that there is a god. According to Karl M arx, alienated labor is the functioning of capitalism.We create dominates us. The difference of alienated labor is the relationship of the worker to the product of trade union movement, the second is the relationship of the labour to the act of production, and lastly is the difference is man is a species-being not only in that practically and theoretically he makes both his own and other species into his objects (15) this is the consequences of man alienation of production from work. whence man is foreign from himself. accessible alternate fits with Karl Marx perspective because Karl Marx believed there needed to be a better society and with a social change there was going to be conflict. One of the conflicts was the class conflict, the capitalist. With social change he was able to produce a better society even though there were going to be economic problems. Emile Durkheim was a French sociologist argued that society had to be studied on its own. He was the primary of society . In Durkheims perspective society influences individual through norms and social facts.The way an individual think or acts is constituted as a proper domain which is defined as a constraint in Durkheim perspective. Constraint is used to identify the reason behind social facts. A constraint holds might over an individual and becomes stronger over reaction. He believed that societies are held together by values. Durkheim main focus was the concern of social edict, how does modern society hold together given the individualism of an individual. In the article Suicide Durkheim connects partition of labour and anomie. In Suicide he connects the analysis of suicide, by exploring the different rates, different places and to explain how they are different. Emile Durkheim treats religion by according to the article In the charitable Meaning of Religion, Durkheim differentiates religion in the stage setting of social life.It states religion is a mirror of society and that in fact what s tate take to be the realm of the sacred is society itself(68), in other words religion is a reflection of society. The importance function of religion is to make us act. He states If among certain peoples the ideas of sacredness, the soul and God are to explain sociologically, it should be presumed scientifically that, in principle, the same explanation is valid from all the peoples among whom these same ideas are found with the same characteristics (68). Based on this article religion is the meaning of life, it provides support and authority figures. Religion impacts and influences society and effects different social norms an individual. Based on my understanding social change does fit with Durkheim perspective. Therefore in the article Division of Labour in Society, Durkheim focuses on the origin of connecting individual with one other with society, he analysis the social change and explains the conflict in modern society.In Durkheim perspective what flux us is called social so lidarity which brings individuals together. In the article it states Society it not seen in the same aspect in the two cases. In the first, what we call society is more or less organized totality of beliefs and sentiments the society in which we are solidarity in the second instance is system of different, special functions which definite relations commingle (107) meaning solaridity is based on similarity because it binds us together but is different because we are different people. With Durkheim producing social change it was reduced by social reform. Max Weber was a German sociologist. Weber agreed with Marx that individuals had to fight to protect their own property and interest. He also agreed with French sociologist Durkheim that people interest is determined by shared values. Weber believed in causality.There were multiple causes on why people behave the way they do according to him. He also believed that society is more of cause and bureaucracy. Sociology should be more of a social action according to Weber. Weber work was the process of rationalization. rationalisation is where rules and laws dominate sectors of society in the model of a bureaucracy. According to Weber Class, Status, Party the way in which social honor is distributed in a community between typical grounds participating in this distribution we may call the social order. The social order and the economic order are, of course, alike related to the legal order (102), class, status and party was a source of social conflict that became a social difference. Class and status influences one another where as parties live in a hall of power (106) in other words Weber was trying to explain that these spheres are connected by distribution of power.Status makes up the social order and classes are the economic order each promotes power and social change In the article Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism focuses on the religions ideas and economic behavior as part of the rationalization of the economic system. It states We can treat ascetic Protestantism as a single whole. But Since that side of English Puritanism which was derived from Calvinism gives the most consistent religious basis for the idea of work , we shall, following our previous method , place one of its representatives at the center of the discussion(158).Weber explore the parking brake of capitalism was by an ascetic spirit of sacrifice.The development of capitalism was influences by Calvinism. In the society of this time they had more highly capitalist who were Protestants. Social change fits with Weber perspective because in the article Bureaucracy, it states The principles of delegacy hierarchy and of levels of graded authority mean a firmly ordered system of super- and subordination in which there is a supervision of lower offices by the higher ones (89) bureaucracy is a social order where as the authority who changes the order it becomes a social change to society. In conclusion three import ant figures of sociology were Marx, Durkheim, and Weber. Each three were considered modernist thinkers for sociology. Even though they all had different theories and ideas, Marx believed economics was the force of social change where Weber though religion was.ReferenceEmile Durkheim selections from Division of Labor in Society From Scott Appelrouth and Laura Edles (eds.) unmixed and modern Sociological Theory (Pine Forge Press, 2008)Emile Durkheim selections from Suicide From Scott Appelrouth and Laura Edles (eds.) Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory (Pine Forge Press, 2008)Emile Durkheim The Human Meaning of Religion From dent Kivisto (ed) Social Theory Roots and Branches (Oxford University Press, 2008).Karl Marx Alienated Labor From Peter Kivisto (ed) Social Theory Roots and Branches (Oxford University Press, 2008).Karl Marx Contribution to the Critique of Hegels Philosophy of Right From ChristopherHitchens (ed) The Portable Atheist (Nation Books, 2009)Max Weber Bure aucracy From Peter Kivisto (ed) Social Theory Roots and Branches (OxfordUniversity Press, 2008). Max Weber Class, Status, Party From Peter Kivisto (ed) Social Theory Roots and BranchesMax Weber selections from Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism From Scott Appelrouth and Laura Edles (eds.) Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory (Pine Forge Press, 2008).

Philippine Noon Time Shows Essay

For over a decade now, middaytime TV shows commit inveigled the Philippine public, colloquially kn take in asthe masa. These shows run for 2 hours a day, 6 days a week, usually from around 2 to 4 o time pm. Their im custodyse popularity is sh knowledge by the long berths of populate that wait outside the studio hours before the program starts. either of them, hoping to get a chance to participate in the festivities which include playing games, singing, and dancing. Millions more watch through with(predicate) their television. All this translates into high TV ratings, dismantletually generating billions in revenue for the producers and executives. The legion himself collects around 1 to 2 million pesos everyday.The audience mostly consists of people from the D and E demographics. Butch Stuart in his article Mr Willie describes them as those who come from near or far away, many with borrowed transportation m stary, coming from all walks of masa life. Some of the groups that he mentioned were featured in these shows include farmers, fishermen, GROs, bus drivers, people with missing teeth, people with circumscribed talents, single mothers, gay, graduates who failed their licensing exams, girls who place leap, boys who can sing, bibingka v abateors, and, even, young girls with great looking legs. Overseas Filipino Workers atomic number 18 overly given special mention in the show. Those present in the audience see it as a welcome legal residence celebration, or a way to re-immerse themselves in the Filipino culture.A euphoric upbeat atmosphere underpins the event. Mr Stuart describes it as 120 minutes of mindless choreographed entertainment games, dancing, singing and laughter with ample opportunities for ogling. These events dont await any complex thinking from the participants. They were designed to be visceral and to conjure a response of afflictive emotion. Girls in scantily clad outfits ar the ones who facilitate the celebration. They serve two purposes in the event. Firstly to captivate and attract through their revealing outfits. But they also carry out logistical tasks like ensuant audience members to the stage and dancing the tunes for everyone to mimic.The host ensures that all elements of the show be put together. To keep everything lively, his communion must always be fast paced. At times he gives off the impression of a cheerleader always rousing the audience into states of excitement. He leave behind always crack jokes left and right, and will never miss any opportunity even it means making fun of himself. For the show to be lucky, the host must understand the sensibilities of the majority lower class audience. The interactive environment can only dwell if he can connect with the masas humor. In Philippine society, no one has been more successful in doing this than Willie Revillame. A ho recitationhold name in television, he has amassed a massive amount of riches from his midday time shows Wowowee in ABS CBN and later on, Willing willie on TV 5.Noon time shows depose on the D and E classes as their target audience. When criticism is mounted against these shows, producers argon quick to react that these journalists do not understand the plight of the brusk. Some argue that these shows give the poor false hope. They line up for months waiting to be called on stage. Waiting to tell their life story. Waiting to play for a million pesos with house and lot. But the certainity is that most of those who line up for the show never even make it to the studio.RESEARCH QUESTIONWe would like to find out wherefore Filipinos from the class D end E brackets are captivated with these noon time shows. It is the poors endorsement that sustains them. Companies who want to extend out to this consumer mart donate lump sums of money for their products to be advertised on air. They know that the millions of indigent families watching these shows will see their products. But the poor do more tha n just endorse. Often they flag their aspirations and dreams to the show itself. Watch any full show and you are sure to come across mortal sobbing on air, talking about how his dream was to meet Willie in person.To answer the question of why the poor are so captivated, we will need to address more ad hoc inquiries. Media for fount, is never a neutral medium. It has the capacity to shape public perception through its different portrayals of naive realism. After acknowledging that the poor are interested in these shows, we will look into what techniques and strategies these shows use to sustain that interest. It is easy to understand that someone who stumbles across ABSCBN may be mesmerized by the glitz and glamour of the wowowee show girls. But how do the producers withstand that interest for long periods of time when the programs in these shows tend to be repetitive?Further inquiries may also be raised concerning how we perceive and understand poverty as a social ill. Subcon sciously or not, these shows frame this issue in a biased way. Critics are quick to pounce on Willie Revillame for taking advantage of the poor. In return, he retaliates by calling them apathetic and claiming that he truly empathizes with them. Both assertions are possibly right. These shows may be both half empty and full. But perhaps a bust way to resolve this conflict is to look into the assumptions about poverty that these shows espouse.Even more questions can be raised regarding the link between poverty and gender in Philippine society. We question how structures of patriarchy are reinforced and reflected in the arrangments of these shows. Willie Revillame is notorious for using blatantly sexist language. In one study by Butch Stuart, Willie comments on the obesity of a middle aged woman who came up to hug him by saying, Mas masarap yapusin ang mga dalaga. But the epitome of this sexism is seen in the dancing girls that liven the show. Mr Butch Stuart describes them as if th ey were tools to tingle ones sensations Tall, Pretty, Scantily Clad,Jiggling their cleavage breasts, bending, grinding and humping their loins, the tassels and trimmings of their skimpy covers swaying with their dancing, as they blow kisses, seamlessly sequing from program segments to ads, teasing men to the edge of one particular cardinal sin.THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKThe group will use Marxist psychoanalysis to understand the dynamics that exist between the audience and the TV producers in these noon time shows. The paper on Marxism and method talks about the central scientific goals of Marxist analysis. The first gear of these is to provide a well founded and logically derived description of the central institutional feature of a market based economic system. The second goal is to historicize and to determine how these features came to exist. The last is to determine the social implications of these arrangments.We like this benign of theoretical framework for its rigid empiricism. Many frameworks start from the universal towards the particular. That is to say they start with an established precept and indeed go on trying to rationalize the real world to try to fit that picture. In contrast, Marxist analysis begins from the ground up. It first takes a look at what is observable like the relationships of people across the social strata, the relationships of people to capital, or the relationships of people to instiutions which did not exist apriori, but instead have a historical basis to them. After making repeated observations, Marxist analysis will then see if recurring patterns, outcomes, and courses of action exist. Only then will a conjecture be produced to account for these similarities. The Marxist approach is a scientific one. As Daniel little writes that Marxist analysis explain real world phenomena in terms of underlying causal conditions rather than crude associations among observable variables.This process of analysis is significant in our researc h in that it requires us to look at the tangible motivations of those watching these noon time TV shows. It is no mere coincidence or stroke of luck that these shows continue to detain prominent. there are financial incentives that make thousands of people skip their work just to watch them live. There are also practical ways to explain why the poor would rather sing and dance away their problems to the tune of boom tarat tarat. Finally, it is an undeniable fact that the elites- namely the business tycoons, the tv executives, the celebrity personalities and everyone else on the upper echelons of the media industry, continue to benefit from a capitalist system that produces massive amounts of inequality. The mode of production, in this instance the noon time tv shows that generate the income, will cease to exist if there were no poor people to delude.We will also use the Gramscian concept of hegemony to describe the process in which the poor are made to passively accept their posit ions of status. Hegemony, is the process with which the dominant class projects and reinforces its ideologies through the use of cultural institutions. Chandler states that this represents not only political and economic control, but also the ability of the dominant class to project its own way of seeing the world so that those who are subordinated by it accept it as common brain and natural.Gramsci would find the institution of the family to be repressive. By belonging into the family unit, we are socialized into aspiring for specific life goals. One of this is to be productive citizens ing specialized skill sets that can be used to earn profit. We see this as obvious. However, the fulfillment of this goal ensures the preservation of our inequitable social structure. The family and educational system ensures that when one profit minded factory owner dies, another one takes its place.DEFINITION OF TERMSMarxismMarxism is defined as the political, economic, and social principles and policies advocated by Marx especially a theory and practice of socialism including the labor theory of value, dialectical materialism, the class struggle, and dictatorship of the proletariat until the establishment of a classless society.A body of doctrine develop by Karl Marx and, to a lesser extent, by Friedrich Engels in the mid-19th century. It originally consisted of three related ideas a philosophic anthropology, a theory of history, and an economic and political program.Rational Choice TheoryRational choice theory is defined as An economic principle that assumes that individuals always make prudent and logical decisions that provide them with the greatest benefit or satisfaction and that are in their highest self-interest.Noon Time variety ShowVariety shows are defined as Theatrical entertainment consisting of successive unrelated acts, such as songs, dances, and frivolity skits. In the context of this paper they are performed using the medium of the television.SCOPE AN D LIMITATIONOur study will focus solely on Noon time TV programs in the Philippines. Other countries have their own formats for variety shows. These will not be covered by this paper. Our goal is to understand poverty peculiarly in the Filipino context. Therefore our analysis will focus more on the cultural nuances of Filipino society reflected in local variety shows. We will also not consider other reality TV shows that do not fall under the category of a variety show. That is, an event consisting of successive acts of singing, dancing and, games.The reason for this is that differences in show arrangements will make it difficult to conduct a logical analytical approach for all reality tv across the board. For instance, Marxists themes of class inequality to an extent are less evident in weight lost shows such as the biggest loser than they are in wowowee. The selection of participants for both these shows are also markedly different making it difficult to conduct a unified analys is of the demographics.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYMETHOD AND METHOhttp//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/marxismhttp//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/367344/Marxismhttp//www.investopedia.com/terms/r/rational-choice-theory.aspaxzz2JCDDzjcx